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Alkaline Materials: Health Hazards

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Chemical Name

CAS-Number

ICSC Short Term Exposure

ICSC Long Term Exposure

ICSC Routes of Exposure and Symptoms

US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry

US NIOSH Symptoms

AMMONIA          7664-41-7

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, symptoms may have delayed effects

Skin: On contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: severe deep burns

Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh, abs, ing (soln), con (solnliq)

Irrit eyes, nose, throat; dysp, bronspas, chest pain; pulm edema; pink frothy sputum; skin burns, vesic; liq: frostbite

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE     12125-02-9

eyes; skin; resp tract

Inhalation: cough

Skin: redness

Eyes: redness

Ingestion: nausea, sore throat, vomiting

Eyes, skin, resp sys Inh, con

Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; cough, dysp, pulm sens

CALCIUM CARBIDE         75-20-7

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath, sore throat

Skin: redness, skin burns, pain

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE     1305-62-0

skin; resp tract; eyes

skin

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough

Skin: redness, roughness, burning sensation

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, vomiting, weakness

Eyes, skin, resp sys Inh, ing, con

Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; eye, skin burns; skin vesic; cough, bron, pneu

CALCIUM OXIDE 1305-78-8

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

skin

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, shortness of breath

Skin: redness, skin burns, burning sensation, pain

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, vomiting, collapse

Resp sys; skin; eyes Inh, ing, con

Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; ulcer, perf nasal septum; pneu; derm

CARBONIC ACID, CALCIUM SALT     471-34-1

eyes; resp tract

Inhalation: cough

Skin: dry skin

Eyes: redness

CHLORIC ACID, SODIUM SALT     7775-09-9

eyes; skin; resp tract; blood ;kidneys

skin

Inhalation: cough, sore throat

Skin: redness

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: abdominal pain, blue lips or fingernails, blue skin, diarrhoea, nausea, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, vomiting

LITHIUM            7439-93-2

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath

Skin: redness, pain, blisters

Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, burning sensation, nausea, shock or collapse, vomiting, weakness

LITHIUM CARBONATE     554-13-2

eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS; CVS; GI tract

skin; CNS; CVS; stomach; kidneys; genes

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, sore throat

Skin: redness

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, confusion, diarrhoea, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting

LITHIUM CHLORIDE     7447-41-8

eyes; skin; resp tract

skin; CNS; kidneys; genes

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, sore throat

Skin: redness, pain

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision

LITHIUM HYDRIDE     7580-67-8

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: cough, nausea, vomiting, tremors, twitching, confusion, blurred vision, laboured breathing, symptoms may be delayed

Skin: redness, skin burns

Eyes: redness, severe deep burns

Ingestion: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea

Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNS Inh, ing, con

Irrit eyes, skin; eye, skin burns; mouth, esophagus burns (if ingested); nau; musc twitches; mental conf; blurred vision

LITHIUM HYDROXIDE     1310-65-2

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath

Skin: redness, pain, blisters

Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, nausea, shock or collapse, vomiting, weakness

LITHIUM HYDROXIDE MONOHYDRATE 1310-66-3

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath

Skin: redness, pain, blisters

Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, nausea, vomiting, weakness

PERCHLORIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT     7778-74-7

eyes; skin; resp tract

blood

Inhalation: cough, sore throat

Skin: redness

Eyes: redness, pain

POTASSIUM CHLORATE     3811-04-9

mucous membranes; upper resp tract; blood; liver; kidneys; CNS

skin

Inhalation: blue lips or finger nails, anemia, haemolytic haemorrhage, nausea, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, vomiting, symptoms may be delayed

Skin: redness, burning sensation

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, blue lips or fingernails, blue skin, diarrhoea, headache, nausea, shortness of breath, sore throat, unconsciousness, vomiting, anuria, collapse, seizure

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE     1310-58-3

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

skin

Inhalation: corrosive, burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing

Skin: corrosive, redness, serious skin burns, pain

Eyes: corrosive, redness, pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns

Ingestion: corrosive, abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, vomiting, collapse

Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh, ing, con

Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; cough, sneez; eye, skin burns; vomit, diarr

POTASSIUM NITRITE     7758-09-0

eyes; skin; resp tract; blood; CVS

Inhalation: blue lips or finger nails, blue skin, cough, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, sore throat, unconsciousness

Skin: redness, pain

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: blue lips or finger nails, blue skin, cough, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, sore throat, unconsciousness, vomiting, rapid pulse

POTASSIUM OXIDE     12136-45-7

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, shortness of breath

Skin: skin burns, pain, blisters

Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns

Ingestion: burning sensation, shock, abdominal cramps

SODIUM HYDROXIDE     1310-73-2

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

skin

Inhalation: corrosive, burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing

Skin: corrosive, redness, serious skin burns, pain

Eyes: corrosive, redness,pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns

Ingestion: corrosive, severe pain, abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, vomiting, collapse

Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh, ing, con

Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; pneuitis; eye, skin burns; temporary loss of hair

SODIUM METHYLATE     124-41-4

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing

Skin: redness, pain, blisters

Eyes: pain, severe deep burns

Ingestion: burning sensation, abdominal pain, shock

SODIUM NITRITE     7632-00-0

eyes; skin; resp tract; blood; CNS; kidneys

Inhalation: blue lips or finger nails, blue skin, cough, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, sore throat, unconsciousness

Skin: redness, pain

Eyes: redness, pain, may be adsorbed

Ingestion: abdominal pain, blue lips or finger nails, blue skin, diarrhoea, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, unconsciousness

 

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