Sunday, 07 August 2011 00:56

Cyano Compounds: Physical & Chemical Hazards

Rate this item
(0 votes)

Chemical Name
CAS-Number

Physical

Chemical

UN Class or Division /  Subsidiary Risks

ACETONITRILE
75-05-8

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible • The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed • As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated

On combustion, forms toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides • The substance decomposes on contact with acids, water and steam producing toxic fumes and flammable vapour • On contact with strong oxidants causes fire and explosion hazard • Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber and coating

3

ACRYLONITRILE
107-13-1

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible

The substance polymerizes due to heating, under the influence of light, bases and peroxides • Heating may cause violent combustion or explosion • The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide • Reacts violently with strong oxidants and strong bases causing fire and explosion hazard

3/ 6.1

ADIPONITRILE
111-69-3

6.1

ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE
57-06-7

The substance decomposes on heating producing cyanhydric acid vapours • Reacts with strong oxidants

6.1

BENZONITRILE
100-47-0

The substance decomposes on heating or on burning on contact with acids, producing very toxic fumes (hydrogen cyanide, nitrous oxides) • Reacts violently with strong acids producing highly toxic hydrogen cyanide • Attacks some plastics

6.1

BUTYRONITRILE
109-74-0

3/ 6.1

CALCIUM CYANAMIDE
156-62-7

4.3

CALCIUM CYANIDE
592-01-8

The substance decomposes on heating above 350 °C producing toxic fumes (hydrogen cyanide, nitrous oxides) • Reacts violently with water, moist air, carbon dioxide, acids, acidic salts producing highly toxic and flammable hydrogen cyanide • Reacts violently when heated with nitrites, nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates

6.1

CHLOROACETONITRILE
107-14-2

The vapour is heavier than air

On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming toxic and flammable vapours • Reacts with strong oxidants, reducing agents, acids, bases, steam, producing highly toxic and flammable fumes

6.1/ 3

CYANAMIDE
420-04-2

The substance may polymerize at temperatures above 122 °C • Substance decomposes on warming above 49 °C, on contact with acids, bases and moisture producing toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and cyanides • Reacts with acids, strong oxidants, strong reducing agents and water causing explosion and toxic hazard • Attacks various metals

CYANOGEN
460-19-5

2.3/ 2.1

CYANOGEN BROMIDE
506-68-3

The vapour is heavier than air

The substance decomposes on heating or on contact with acids, producing highly toxic and flammable hydrogen cyanide and corrosive hydrogen bromide • Reacts slowly with water and water vapour, forming hydrogen bromide and hydrogen cyanide

CYANOGEN CHLORIDE
506-77-4

The gas is heavier than air

The substance may polymerize violently if contaminated with hydrogen chloride or ammonium chloride • The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic and corrosive fumes (hydrogen cyanide, hydrochloric acid, nitrogen oxides) • Reacts slowly with water or water vapour to form hydrogen chloride • Attacks copper and brass

DIALLYL CYANURATE
1081-69-2

2.3/ 8

DICYANODIAMIDE
461-58-5

The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic gases • Reacts violently with strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts with acids to form toxic gases

2.3/ 2.1

2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPIONITRILE
75-86-5

The substance decomposes on heating and on burning producing hydrogen cyanide • Reacts with strong oxidants, strong bases and strong acids • Reacts violently with alkali metals causing fire and explosion hazard

6.1

HYDROGEN CYANIDE
74-90-8

The gas mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed

The substance may polymerize due to heating above 184 °C or under the influence of bases, 2-5% water or if not chemically stabilized with fire or explosion hazard • On combustion, forms carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides • The substance decomposes on contact with bases, causing fire and explosion hazard • The substance is a weak acid • The solution in water is a weak acid • Reacts violently with excess of strong acid causing fire and explosion hazard • Attacks many metals in presence of water

6.1/ 3

IODINE CYANIDE
506-78-5

The substance may polymerize due to heating or under the influence of acids, producing very toxic gas (hydrogen cyanide) • The substance decomposes slowly on contact with water or humidity producing very toxic gas (hydrogen cyanide) • Reacts violently with strong oxidants • May decompose on exposure to light

ISOBUTYRONITRILE
78-82-0

3/ 6.1

ISOCYANURIC ACID
108-80-5

6.1/ 8

MALONONITRILE
109-77-3

6.1

METHYLACRYLONITRILE
126-98-7

3/ 6.1

PHENYLACETONITRILE
140-29-4

6.1

SODIUM CYANIDE
143-33-9

The substance decomposes on burning producing toxic fumes (nitrogen oxides) • The substance is a strong base, it reacts violently with acid and is corrosive to metals (aluminum and zinc) • Reacts violently with strong oxidants such as nitrates and chlorates causing fire and explosion hazard • The substance decomposes in the presence of air, moisture or carbon dioxide producing highly toxic and flammable gas (hydrogen cyanide) • Contact with acids and acids salts causes immediate formation of highly toxic and flammable hydrogen cyanide gas

6.1

PROPIONITRILE
107-12-0

The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed

The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and hydrogen cyanide • Reacts violently with strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts with acids, steam, warm water giving off toxic and flammable hydrogen cyanide

3/ 6.1

POTASSIUM CYANIDE
151-50-8

The substance decomposes on contact with water, humidity, alkali carbonates, and acids, producing very toxic hydrogen cyanide gas • The solution in water is a strong base, it reacts violently with acid and is corrosive

6.1

TETRAMETHYLSUCCINONITRILE
3333-52-6

The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic fumes (hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides) • Reacts with strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard

For UN Class: 1.5 = very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard; 2.1 = flammable gas; 2.3 = toxic gas; 3 = flammable liquid; 4.1 = flammable solid; 4.2 = substance liable to spontaneous combustion; 4.3 = substance which in contact with water emits flammable gases; 5.1 = oxidizing substance; 6.1 = toxic; 7 = radioactive; 8 = corrosive substance

 

Back

Read 4909 times

" DISCLAIMER: The ILO does not take responsibility for content presented on this web portal that is presented in any language other than English, which is the language used for the initial production and peer-review of original content. Certain statistics have not been updated since the production of the 4th edition of the Encyclopaedia (1998)."

Contents