Guide to Chemicals

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Physical	Chemical	UN Class Or Division / Subsidiary Risks
CHLOROSULPHURIC ACID 7790-94-5			8
FLUOROSULPHURIC ACID 7789-21-1			8
HYDROCHLORIC ACID 7647-01-0	The gas is heavier than air	The solution in water is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive • Reacts violently with oxidants forming toxic gas (chlorine) • On contact with air it emits corrosive fumes (hydrochloric acid) • Attacks many metals forming combustible gas (HYDROGEN)	8
HYDROFLUOBORIC ACID 16872-11-0			8
NITRIC ACID 7697-37-2		The substance decomposes on warming producing nitrogen oxides • The substance is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, eg, turpentine, charcoal, alcohol • The substance is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive to metals • Reacts very violently with organic chemicals (eg, acetone, acetic acid, acetic anhydride), causing fire and explosion hazard • Attacks some plastics	8
PERCHLORIC ACID 7601-90-3			5.1/ 8
PHOSPHORIC ACID 7664-38-2		The substance violently polymerizes under the influence of azo compounds, epoxides and other polymerizable compounds • On combustion, forms toxic fumes (phosphorous oxides) • The substance decomposes on contact with metals, alcohols, aldehydes, cyanides, ketones, phenols, esters, sulfides, halogenated organics producing toxic fumes • The substance is a medium strong acid • Attacks metals to liberate flammable hydrogen gas	8
SULPHAMIC ACID 5329-14-6			8
SULPHURIC ACID 7664-93-9		On combustion, forms toxic fumes (sulphur oxides) • The substance is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials • The substance is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive to most common metals forming a flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen) • Reacts violently with water and organic materials with evolution of heat • Upon heating, irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) (sulphur oxides) are formed	8

For UN Class: 1.5 = very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard; 2.1 = flammable gas; 2.3 = toxic gas; 3 = flammable liquid; 4.1 = flammable solid; 4.2 = substance liable to spontaneous combustion; 4.3 = substance which in contact with water emits flammable gases; 5.1 = oxidizing substance; 6.1 = toxic; = radioactive; 8 = corrosive substance.

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Thursday, 04 August 2011 23:42

Acids, Inorganic: Physical & Chemical Properties

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Colour/Form	Boiling Point (ºC)	Melting Point (ºC)	Molecular Weight (g/mol)	Solubility In Water	Relative Density (water=1)	Relative Vapour Density (air=1)	Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)	Inflam. Limits	Flash Point (ºC)	Auto Ignition Point (ºC)
BORIC ACID 10043-35-3	colourless, transparent crystals or white granules or powder	300	169	61.84	1 g/18 ml	@ 15 ºC
CARBONIC ACID 2582-30-1				63.03	sol
CHLOROSULPHURIC ACID 7790-94-5	colourless or slightly yellow liquid	@ 755 mm Hg	-80	116.53		1.753	4.02	@ 32 ºC
FLUOROSULPHURIC ACID 7789-21-1	colourless liquid; reddish-brown colour with acetone	163	-89	100.07		@ 25 ºC/4 ºC
HYDROCHLORIC ACID 7647-01-0	colourless liquid	-85	-114	36.46	82.3 g/100 ml	@ 15 ºC/4 ºC	1.3
HYDROFLUOBORIC ACID 16872-11-0	colourless liquid	130		87.82	misc	1.84
NITRIC ACID 7697-37-2	transparent colourless or yellowish liquid	83	-42	63.01	sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC	2-3	6.4
PERCHLORIC ACID 7601-90-3	colourless, oily liquid	@ 11 mm Hg	-112	100.47	misc	@ 22 ºC
PHOSPHORIC ACID 7664-38-2	unstable orthorhombic crystals or clear syrupy liquid; at 20 deg C, the 50 and 75% strengths are mobile liquids, the 85% is of a syrupy consistency, while the 100% acid is in the form of crystals; viscous, colourless, odorless liquid	213	42.4	98.00	v sol		3.4	4.0
SILICIC ACID 7699-41-4	jelly-like precipitate obtained when sodium silicate solution is acified during drying jelly is converted to a white amorphous powder.
SULPHAMIC ACID 5329-14-6	orthorhombic crystals; white crystalline solid		205	97.10	sol	2.15
SULPHURIC ACID 7664-93-9	clear, colourless, oily liquid when pure but brownish in hue when impure	290	10.4	98.08	sol	1.841	3.4	0.13

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Thursday, 04 August 2011 23:50

Acids and Anhydrides,Organic: Chemical Identification

Chemical Formula	Chemical	Synonyms UN Code	CAS-Number
64197	ACETIC ACID	Ethanoic acid; Ethylic acid; Methanecarboxylic acid UN2789 UN2790	64-19-7
108247	ACETIC ANHYDRIDE	Acetanhydride; Acetic oxide; Acetyl anhydride; Acetyl ether; Acetyl oxide; Ethanoic anhydrate UN1715	108-24-7
50782	ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID	Acetosalic acid; o-Acetoxybenzoic acid; 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid; Salicylic acid, acetate; Aspirin	50-78-2
79107	ACRYLIC ACID	Ethylenecarboxylic acid; Propene acid; Propenoic acid UN2218	79-10-7
124049	ADIPIC ACID	Adipinic acid; 1,4-Butanedicarboxylic acid; Hexanedioic acid; 1,6-Hexanedioic acid	124-04-9
50817	L-ASCORBIC ACID	3-Keto-l-gulofuranolactone; L-3-Ketothreohexuronic acid lactone; Vitamin C	50-81-7
65850	BENZOIC ACID	Benzenecarboxylic acid; Benzeneformic acid; Benzenemethanoic acid; Benzoate; Phenyl carboxylic acid; Phenylformic acid	65-85-0
107926	BUTYRIC ACID	Butanic acid; Butanoic acid; n-Butyric acid; Butyric acid; Ethylacetic acid; 1-Propanecarboxylic acid; Propylformic acid UN2820	107-92-6
142621	n-CAPROIC ACID	Butylacetic acid; Capronic acid; n-Hexanoic acid; N-Hexoic acid; Pentanecarboxylic acid; Pentiformic acid; Pentylformic acid UN2829	142-62-1
115286	CHLORENDIC ACID	1,4,5,6,7,7-Hexachloro-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid; Hexachloro-endo-Methylenetetrahydrophthalic acid	115-28-6
79118	CHLOROACETIC ACID	Monochloroacetic acid; Monochloroethanoic acid UN1750 UN1751	79-11-8
118912	o-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID	2-CBA; 2-Chlorobenzoic acid	118-91-2
535808	m-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID	3-Chlorobenzoic acid	535-80-8
74113	p-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID	p-Carboxychlorobenzene; 4-Chlorobenzoic acid; Chlorodracylic acid	74-11-3
598787	2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID	a-Chloropropionic acid UN2511	598-78-7
94746	4-CHLORO-o-TOLOXYACETIC ACID	4-Chloro-o-cresoxyacetic acid; (4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid;	94-74-6
77929	CITRIC ACID	Citro; 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid; b-Hydroxytricarballylic acid	77-92-9
5949291	CITRIC ACID HYDRATE	1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-Hydroxy-, monohydrate	5949-29-1
3724650	CROTONIC ACID	a-Butenoic acid; b-Methylacrylic acid; 3-Methylacrylic acid UN2823	3724-65-0
79436	DICHLORACETIC ACID	Bichloracetic acid; 2,2-Dichloroacetic acid; Dichloroethanoic acid UN1764	79-43-6
94757	2,4-DICHLORPHENOXYACETIC ACID	2,4-D; Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid	94-75-7
149575	2-ETHYLHEXOIC ACID	Butylethylacetic acid; a-Ethylcaproic acid; 2-Ethylhexanoic acid;	149-57-5
144490	FLUOROACETIC ACID	Pymonic acid; Fluoroacetate; Fluoroethanoic acid; Monofluoroacetate; Monofluoroacetic acid UN2642	144-49-0
64186	FORMIC ACID	Aminic acid; Formylic acid; Hydrogen carboxylic acid; Methanoic acid UN1779	64-18-6
110178	FUMARIC ACID	trans-Butenedioic acid; trans-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; 1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid	110-17-8
149917	GALLIC ACID	3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid	149-91-7
79141	GLYCOLIC ACID	Hydroxyacetic acid; Hydroxyethanoic acid	79-14-1
111148	HEPTANOIC ACID	n-Heptoic acid; Heptylic acid; 1-Hexanecarboxylic acid; Oenanthic acid; Oenanthylic acid	111-14-8
79312	ISOBUTYRIC ACID	Dimethylacetic acid; Isopropylformic acid; 2-Methylpropanoic acid; 2-Methylpropionic acid UN2529	79-31-2
121915	ISOPHTHALIC ACID	Benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid; m-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; m-Phthalic acid	121-91-5
143077	LAURIC ACID	Dodecanoic acid; Dodecoic acid; Duodecylic acid; Laurostearic acid; 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid	143-07-7
110167	MALEIC ACID	cis-Butenedioic acid; cis-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; 1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; Maleinic acid; Malenic acid; Toxilic acid	110-16-7
108316	MALEIC ANHYDRIDE	cis-Butenedioic anhydride; 2,5-Furandione; Maleic acid anhydride; Toxilic anhydride UN2215	108-31-6
141822	MALONIC ACID	Carboxyacetic acid; Dicarboxymethane; Methanedicarboxylic acid; Propanedioic acid	141-82-2
90642	MANDELIC ACID	a-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid; a-Hydroxy-a-toluic acid; Paramandelic acid; Phenylglycolic acid; Phenylhydroxyacetic acid	90-64-2
79414	METHACRYLIC ACID	Methacrylic acid; 2-Methylpropenoic acid UN2531	79-41-4
112050	NONANOIC ACID	n-Nonylic acid; 1-Octanecarboxylic acid; Pelargonic acid	112-05-0
112801	9-OCTADECENOIC ACID	cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; 9,10-Octadecenoic acid; Oleic acid; Oleinic acid	112-80-1
144627	OXALIC ACID	Ethanedioic acid; Ethanedionic acid	144-62-7
57103	PALMITIC ACID	Cetylic acid; Hexadecanoic acid; n-hexadecoic acid; Hexadecylic acid; 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid	57-10-3
88993	PHTHALIC ACID	Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid; o-benzenedicarboxylic acid; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; o-Dicarboxybenzene; o-Phthalic acid	88-99-3
85449	PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE	1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid anhydride; 1,3-Dioxophthalan; 1,3-Isobenzofurandione; Phthalandione; 1,3-Phthalandione; Phthalic acid anhydride UN2214	85-44-9
75989	PIVALIC ACID	2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid; a,a-Dimethylpropionic acid; 2,2-Dimethylpropionic acid; Neopentanoic acid; tert-Pentanoic acid; Propanoic acid; Trimethylacetic acid	75-98-9
79094	PROPIONIC ACID	Carboxyethane; Ethanecarboxylic acid; Ethylformic acid; Metacetonic acid; Methyl acetic acid; Propanoic acid UN1848	79-09-4
123626	PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE	Methylacetic anhydride; Propanoic anhydride; Propionic acid anhydride; Propionyl oxide UN2496	123-62-6
98737	p-tert-BUTYL BENZOIC ACID	p-TBBA	98-73-7
104154	p-TOLUENESULPHONIC ACID	p-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid; 4-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid; p-Methylphenylsulfonic acid; Toluenesulfonic acid; 4-Toluenesulfonic acid	104-15-4
69727	SALICYLIC ACID	o-Hydroxybenzoic acid; 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid; Orthohydroxybenzoic acid	69-72-7
57114	STEARIC ACID	Cetylacetic acid; 1-Heptadecanecarboxylic acid; Octadecanoic acid	57-11-4
110156	SUCCINIC ACID	butanedioic acid; 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid; Ethylenesuccinic acid	110-15-6
121573	SULPHANILIC-ACID	p-Aminobenzenesulphonic acid; 4-Aminobenzenesulphonic acid; p-Aminophenylsulphonic acid; Aniline-p-sulphonic acid; Aniline-4-sulphonic acid	121-57-3
87694	TARTARIC ACID	2,3-Dihydrosuccinic acid; 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; Threaric acid	87-69-4
100210	TEREPHTHALIC ACID	p-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid	100-21-0
76039	TRICHLORACETIC ACID	TCA UN1839 UN2564	76-03-9
93765	TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID	2,4,5-T	93-76-5
76051	TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID	Perfluoroacetic acid; Trifluoroethanoic acid; TFA UN2699	76-05-1
552307	TRIMELLIC ACID ANHYDRIDE	4-Carboxyphthalic anhydride; 1,3-Dioxo-5-Phthalancarboxylic acid; 5-Phthalanacarboxylic acid; 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic anhydride	552-30-7
109524	VALERIC ACID	Butanecarboxylic acid; 1-Butanecarboxylic acid; Pentanoic acid; Propylacetic acid	109-52-4

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Friday, 05 August 2011 00:05

Acids and Anhydrides,Organic: Health Hazards

Chemical Name CAS-Number	ICSC Short-Term Exposure	ICSC Long-Term Exposure	ICSC Routes of Exposure and Symptoms	US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry	US NIOSH Symptoms
ACETIC ACID 64-19-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: sore throat, cough, shortness of breath, laboured breathing, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, serious skin burns, pain Eyes: pain, redness, blurred vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, sore throat, vomiting	Resp sys; skin; eyes; teeth Inh; con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat; eye, skin burns; derm; conj; cough; CNS depres; delayed pulm edema; in animals: kidney, repro, terato effects
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 108-24-7	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: corrosive, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: corrosive, redness, pain, blisters Eyes: corrosive, redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: corrosive, abdominal pain, sore throat, collapse	Resp sys; skin; eyes Inh; con	Conj, lac, corn edema, opac, photo; nasal, phar irrit; cough, dysp, bron; skin burns, vesic, sens derm
ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID 50-78-2	eyes; skin; resp tract	liver; kidneys; bladder; GI tract; CVS; CNS; resp tract	Inhalation: cough, dullness Skin: redness Eyes: redness	Eyes; skin; resp sys; blood; liver; kidney Inh; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; incr blood clotting time; nau, vomit; liver, kidney inj
ACRYLIC ACID 79-10-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, nasal discharge, laboured breathing, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, redness, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, loss of vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: severe burns to lips, mouth and throat, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, unconsciousness, shock	Eyes, skin, resp sys Inh; abs; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; eye, skin burns; skin sens; in animals: lung, liver, kidney inj
ADIPIC ACID 124-04-9	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, laboured breathing, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain
L-ASCORBIC ACID 50-81-7	eyes; resp tract		Inhalation: cough Eyes: redness Ingestion: only in case of large amount ingested: diarrhoea, vomiting
BENZOIC ACID 65-85-0	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, irritant Skin: redness, irritant Eyes: redness, irritant, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
n-CAPROIC ACID 142-62-1	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, redness, burning sensation, pain Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, sore throat, vomiting
CHLOROACETIC ACID 79-11-8			Inhalation: corrosive, burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: corrosive, may be absorbed, redness, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, collapse
CITRIC ACID 77-92-9	eyes; skin; resp tract		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: cough
CITRIC ACID HYDRATE 5949-29-1	eyes; resp tract		Inhalation: cough, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: sore throat, mild burning sensation
CROTONIC ACID 3724-65-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, headache, nausea, shortness of breath, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: skin burns, burning sensation, pain Eyes: pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, sore throat, vomiting
DICHLOROACETIC ACID 79-43-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, unconsciousness, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, sore throat, unconsciousness, vomiting, weakness
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID 94-75-7	eyes; skin; resp tract		Inhalation: headache, nausea, weakness Skin: redness Eyes: redness Ingestion: abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, headache, nausea, unconsciousness, vomiting, weakness	Skin; CNS; liver; kidneys Inh; abs; ing; con	Weak, stupor, hyporeflexia, musc twitch; convuls; derm; in animals: liver, kidney inj
ETHANEDIOIC ACID, DIHYDRATE 6153-56-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; kidneys	kidneys	Inhalation: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, dry skin, redness, skin burns, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal cramps, sore throat, vomiting, weakness, convulsions
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID 149-57-5	eyes; skin; resp tract	liver	Skin: rednessEyes: redness, pain
FLUOROACETIC ACID 144-49-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; CVS; CNS; kidneys
FORMIC ACID 64-18-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, serious skin burns, pain Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal pain, burning sensation, diarrhoea, sore throat, vomiting	Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, throat; skin burns; derm; lac; rhin; cough, dysp; nau
LACTIC ACID 598-82-3	eyes; skin; resp tract		Inhalation: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, skin burns, pain Eyes: redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal pain, burning sensation, nausea, sore throat, vomiting
MALEIC ACID 110-16-7	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin; kidneys	Inhalation: cough, laboured breathing Skin: redness, skin burns, severe irritant Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: burning sensation, see inhalation ,
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 108-31-6	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, headache, laboured breathing, nausea, shortness of breath, vomiting Skin: redness, skin burns Eyes: redness, pain, lacrymation, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal pain	Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh; ing; con	Irrit nose, upper resp sys; conj; photo, double vision; bronchial asthma; derm
METHACRYLIC ACID 79-41-4	eyes; skin; mucous membranes; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing Skin: redness, skin burns, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, loss of vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, burning sensation, weakness	Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh; abs; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; eye, skin burns
2-METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOACETIC ACID 94-74-6	eyes; skin; resp tract	birth defects	Inhalation: headache, nausea Skin: redness Eyes: redness Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, unconsciousness, vomiting, weakness
OXALIC ACID 144-62-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; kidneys	skin; kidneys	Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, skin burns, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, loss of vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: burning sensation, drowsiness, sore throat, vomiting, shock, low back pain	Resp sys; skin; kidneys; eyes Inh; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; eye burns; local pain, cyan; shock, collapse, convuls; kidney damage
PALMITIC ACID 57-10-3	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Eyes: redness
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE 85-44-9	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin; lungs		Resp sys; eyes; skin; liver; kidneys Inh; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; conj; nasal ulcer bleeding; bron, bronchial asthma; derm; in animals: liver, kidney damage
PHTHALIC ACID 88-99-3	eyes; skin; resp tract		Inhalation: cough Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain
PROPIONIC ACID 79-09-4	eyes; skin; resp tract		Inhalation: cough, laboured breathing, sore throat Skin: skin burns, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, sore throat, vomiting,	Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh; abs; ing; con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; blurred vision, com burns; skin burns; abdom pain, nau, vomit
PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE 123-62-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, skin burns Eyes: redness, severe deep burns Ingestion: sore throat, burns
SALICYLIC ACID 69-72-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, redness, pain Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: nausea, vomiting, ear ringing
STEARIC ACID 57-11-4	eyes	lungs	Inhalation: cough, laboured breathing Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: constipation
SULPHANILIC ACID 121-57-3	eyes; skin; resp tract; blood	skin; lungs	Inhalation: blue lips or finger nails, blue skin, cough, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness Ingestion: blue lips or fingernails, blue skin, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 100-21-0	eyes; skin		Inhalation: cough, irritant Skin: redness, mild irritant Eyes: redness, irritant
p-TOLUENESULPHONIC ACID 104-15-4	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing Skin: redness, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: burning sensation, sore throat
2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID 93-76-5	eyes; skin; resp tract			Skin; liver; GI tract Inh; ing; con	In animals: ataxia; skin irrit, acne-like rash, liver damage
TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE 552-30-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; blood		Inhalation: cough, dizziness, wheezing, chills Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain	Eyes; skin; resp sys abs	Irrit eyes, skin; nose; resp sys; pulm edema, resp sens; rhinitis, asthma, cough, wheez, dysp, mal, fever, musc aches, sneez
VALERIC ACID 109-52-4	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; CNS

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Friday, 05 August 2011 00:09

Acids and Anhydrides,Organic: Physical & Chemical Hazards

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Physical	Chemical	UN Class or Division / Subsidiary Risks
ACETIC ACID 64-19-7		The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with oxidants such as chromium trioxide and potassium permanganate • Reacts violently with strong bases • Attacks many metals forming combustible gas	8
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 108-24-7		The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic fumes and gases including acetic acid • Reacts violently with boiling water, steam, strong oxidants, alcohols, amines, strong bases, and many other compounds • Attacks many metals in presence of water • The liquid is very corrosive, especially in presence of water or moisture	8/ 3
ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID 50-78-2	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	The substance decomposes on contact with hot water or when dissolved in solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates • Upon heating, toxic fumes are formed • Reacts with strong oxidants, strong acids, strong bases
ACRYLIC ACID 79-10-7	The vapour is heavier than air • Vapour forms explosive mixture with air	The substance polymerizes readily due to heating, under the influence of light, oxygen, oxidizing agents such as peroxides or other activators (acid, iron salts), with fire or explosion hazard • Upon heating, toxic fumes are formed • The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts violently with strong bases and amines • Attacks many metals, including nickel and copper	8/ 3
ADIPIC ACID 124-04-9	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air • If dry, it can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport, pouring, etc.	The substance decomposes on heating producing volatile acidic vapours of valeric acid and other substances • The substance is a weak acid • Reacts with oxidizing materials
L-ASCORBIC ACID 50-81-7		The solution in water is a medium strong acid • Attacks many metals in presence of water
BENZOIC ACID 65-85-0	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	The solution in water is a weak acid • Reacts with oxidants
BUTYRIC ACID 107-92-6			8
n-CAPROIC ACID 142-62-1		May explode on heating • On combustion, forms toxic/irritant gases • The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with oxidants (for instance chromium trioxide) causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts vigorously with bases causing heat and pressure rise hazard • Attacks many metals forming combustible gas	8
CHLOROACETIC ACID 79-11-8		The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic and corrosive gases (hydrogen chloride, phosgene) • The solution in water is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive	6.1/ 8
CITRIC ACID 77-92-9	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	Reacts with oxidants, reductants, bases
CITRIC ACID HYDRATE 5949-29-1		The solution in water is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with metal nitrates • Reacts with strong bases and oxidants • The substance will corrode copper, zinc, aluminium, and their alloys
CROTONIC ACID 3724-65-0		The substance may polymerize under the influence of UV-light or moisture • The solution in water is a weak acid • Reacts violently with bases, oxidants, reducing agents, causing fire and explosion hazard	8
DICHLOROACETIC ACID 79-43-6		The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic and corrosive fumes (phosgene, hydrogen chloride) • The substance is a medium strong acid • Attacks many metals forming flammable hydrogen gas • Attacks rubber	8
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID 94-75-7		The substance decomposes on heating producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene • The substance is a weak acid • Reacts with strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard
ETHANEDIOIC ACID, DIHYDRATE 6153-56-6		The substance decomposes on rapid heating above about 150°C producing toxic gas • The solution in water is a medium strong acid which reacts violently with strong bases • Reacts violently with oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts with silver, forming explosive products
2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID 149-57-5	As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated • Vapour mixes readily with air	The substance is a strong reducing agent and reacts with oxidants • Reacts with strong oxidants
FLUOROACETIC ACID 144-49-0			6.1
FORMIC ACID 64-18-6		The substance decomposes on heating producing carbon monoxide • The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with oxidants • Reacts violently with strong bases causing fire and explosion hazard • Attacks many metals in presence of water • Attacks many plastics	8
ISOBUTYRIC ACID 79-31-2			3/ 8
LACTIC ACID 598-82-3		The substance is a medium strong acid • Attacks many metals in presence of water
MALEIC ACID 110-16-7		On combustion, forms irritating smoke (maleic anhydride) • The substance decomposes on heating and on burning producing highly irritating fumes (maleic anhydride) • The solution in water is a medium strong acid
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 108-31-6		The solution in water is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive • Reacts with strong oxidants	8
METHACRYLIC ACID 79-41-4		The substance polymerizes easily due to heating or under the presence of light, oxygen, oxidizing agents such as peroxides, or in the presence of traces of hydrochloric acid, with fire or explosion hazard • The substance decomposes on heating producing acrid fumes • The substance is a strong reducing agent and reacts with oxidants • The substance is a medium strong acid • Attacks metals	8
2-METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOACETIC ACID 94-74-6		The substance decomposes on heating producing toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride • The substance is a weak acid
OXALIC ACID 144-62-7		On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming formic acid and carbon monoxide • The substance is a strong reducing agent and reacts with oxidants • The solution in water is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts with some silver compounds to form explosive silver oxalate
PALMITIC ACID 57-10-3		On heating forms carbon oxides • The substance is a weak acid • Reacts with bases, oxidants, and reducing agents
PHTALIC ANHYDRIDE 85-44-9			8
PHTHALIC ACID 88-99-3		The solution in water is a medium strong acid
PROPIONIC ACID 79-09-4		The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts with oxidants • Attacks many metals in presence of water	8
PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE 123-62-6	The vapour is heavier than air	On combustion, forms toxic gases • Reacts with oxidants, bases and water	8
SALICYLIC ACID 69-72-7	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	The substance decomposes on heating producing phenol vapours • The substance is a medium strong acid • Reacts violently with strong bases and strong oxidants
STEARIC ACID 57-11-4		The substance decomposes on heating producing carbon oxides • The substance is a weak acid • Reacts with bases, oxidants and reducing agents
SULPHANILIC ACID 121-57-3		On combustion, forms toxic gases of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur oxides • The substance decomposes on heating • Reacts with oxidants
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 100-21-0	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	Reacts violently with strong oxidants
p-TOLUENESULFONIC ACID 104-15-4		The substance decomposes on burning producing carbon oxides and sulphur oxides • The substance is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive • Attacks many metals forming extremely flammable gas
2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID 93-76-5			6.1
TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID 76-05-1			8
TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE 552-30-7	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air • If dry, it can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport, pouring, etc	Reacts violently with oxidants • Reacts slowly with water to form trimellitic acid

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Friday, 05 August 2011 00:12

Acids and Anhydrides,Organic: Physical & Chemical Properties

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Colour/Form	Boiling Point (ºC)	Melting Point (ºC)	Molecular Weight	Solubility in Water	Relative Density (water=1)	Relative Vapour Density (air=1)	Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)	Inflam. Limits	Flash Point (ºC)	Auto Ignition Point (ºC)
ACETIC ACID 64-19-7	rhombic crystals (<16.6 ºC melting point); colourless liquid (16.6 ºC melting point)	118	16.6	60.05	misc	1.0492	2.1	1.6	4 ll 16 ul	39 cc	426
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 108-24-7	colourless, very mobile, strongly refractive liquid	139	-73	102.10	v sol	@ 15 ºC	3.5	0.5	2.9 ll 10.3 ul	49 cc	316
ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID 50-78-2	monoclinic tablets or needle-like crystals		135	180.15	sl sol	1.40		@ 25 ºC
ACRYLIC ACID 79-10-7	colourless liquid	141	14	72.06	misc	1.0511	2.5	0.413	2.9 ll 8 ul	54 oc	360
ADIPIC ACID 124-04-9	monoclinic prisms from ethyl acetate, water, or acetone and petroleum ether; fine white crystals or powder	337.5	152	146.14	sl sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC	5.04	@ 18.5 ºC	10 ll 15 mg/l ul	196 cc	422
L-ASCORBIC ACID 50-81-7	crystals (usually plates, sometimes needles, monoclinic system); white to slightly yellow crystals or powder		190-192	176.12	v sol	@ 25 ºC
BENZOIC ACID 65-85-0	monoclinic tablets, plates, leaflets; white scales or needle crystals	249.2	122.4	122.13	@ 20 ºC	@ 15 ºC/4 ºC	4.21	@ 96 ºC		121 cc	570
BUTYRIC ACID 107-92-6	oily liquid; colourless liquid	165.5	-7.9	88.10	misc	0.9577	3.0	0.43 mm Hg	2.0 ll 10.0 ul	72 cc	443
BUTYRYL CHLORIDE 141-75-3	colourless liquid	101-102	-89	106.55	slowly with decomposition	@ 20.6 ºC/4 ºC				< 21
n-CAPROIC ACID 142-62-1	oily liquid	205.8	-3.4	116.16	insol	0.929	4.01	0.024	1.3 ll 9.3 ul	102 oc	380
CHLORENDIC ACID 115-28-6	crystalline solid			388.84
CHLOROACETIC ACID 79-11-8	monoclinic prisms; colourless or white crystals; colourless to light-brownish crystals	189	(alpha) 63 ; (beta) 55-56 ; (gamma) 50	94.50	v sol	1.6	3.26	@ 43 ºC	8.0 ll ? ul	126	>500
o-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID 118-91-2	monoclinic prisms from water	sublimes	142	156.6	sol	1.544		@ 25 ºC
m-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID 535-80-8	crystals; prisms from water	sublimes	158	156.6	v sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC		@ 25 ºC
p-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID 74-11-3	triclinic prisms from alcohol and ether; nearly white coarse powder		243	156.6	insol			@ 25 ºC
2-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID 598-78-7	crystals	186	-12.1	108.53	misc	1.2585
CITRIC ACID 77-92-9	crystals/monoclinic holohedra/crystallize from hot concentrated aq soln; colourless, translucent crystals or white, granular to fine crystalline powder/ rhombic crystals from water with 1 mol of water of crystallization	decomp	153	192.12	v sol	1.665			0.28 ll 2.29 ul
CITRIC ACID HYDRATE 5949-29-1	crystals	decomp	100		sol	1.5			0.28 ll 2.29 ul		1010
CROTONIC ACID 3724-65-0	monoclinic needles or prisms (from water or petroleum ether); colourless needle-like crystals; white crystalline solid	185	71.5-71.7	86.09	v sol	@ 15 ºC/4 ºC; 0.964	2.97	0.024		88	396
DICHLOROACETIC ACID 79-43-6	colourless liquid	194	9.7	128.94	misc	1.56	4.45	0.019
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID 94-75-7	white to yellow crystalline powder; yellow colour is phenolic impurities; colourless powder; white	@ 0.4 mm Hg	138	221.04	insol	1.6	7.6	@ 160 ºC		88 oc
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYPROPIONIC ACID 120-36-5	colourless crystalline solid; white to tan, crystalline solid		117.5-118.1	235.07		1.42
ETHANEDIOIC ACID, DIHYDRATE 6153-56-6	colourless crystals	sublimes	102		10g/100 ml	1.7	3.1
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID 149-57-5	colourless liquid	228	- 59	144.2	sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC	5.0	0.004	0.8 ll 6.0 ul	118 oc	310
FLUOROACETIC ACID 144-49-0	needles; colourless crystals	165	35.2	78.04	sol	@ 36 ºC		@ 25 ºC
FORMIC ACID 64-18-6	colourless liquid	101	8.4	46.00	misc	1.22	1.6	4.4	14 ll 34 ul	69	480-520
FUMARIC ACID 110-17-8	needles, monoclinic prisms or leaflets from water; colourless crystals; white crystalline powder	@ 1.7 mm Hg	300-302	116.07	sl sol	1.635
GALLIC ACID 149-91-7	prisms from water; needles from absolute methanol or chloroform		253	170.1	sl sol	@ 6 ºC/4 ºC
GLYCOLIC ACID 79-14-1	colourless crystals; rhombic needles from water; leaves from ethanol	100	80	76.05	sol
HEPTANOIC ACID 111-14-8	clear oily liquid	223.01	-7.5	130.2	sl sol	0.92
ISOBUTYRIC ACID 79-31-2	colourless liquid	152-155	-47	88.1	v sol	0.950	3.0	@ 14.7 ºC
ISOPHTHALIC ACID 121-91-5	needles	sublimes	347	166.13	sl sol
LACTIC ACID 598-82-3	colourless liquid or colourless crystals		16.8-18	90.08	v sol					>74
LAURIC ACID 143-07-7	colourless solid; white, crystalline powder	298.9	44.2	200.3	insol	0.883		@ 121.0 ºC
MALEIC ACID 110-16-7	monoclinic prisms from water; white crystals from water, alcohol & benzene; colourless crystals	135	138-139	116.07	@ 25 ºC	1.590	4.0
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 108-31-6	orthorhombic needles from chloroform; commercial grades in fused form, as briquettes; colourless needles or white lumps or pellets; needles from chloroform or ether	202.0	52.8	98.06	sol	1.48	3.4	@ 25 ºC	1.4 ll 7.1 ul	102	475
MALONIC ACID 141-82-2	white crystals	decomp	132- 134	104.06	sol	1.63
METHACRYLIC ACID 79-41-4	liquid or colourless crystals; colourless liquid	163	16	86.09	sol	1.0153	2.97	@ 25 ºC		77 oc
2-METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOACETIC ACID 94-74-6	light brown solid; plates from benzene or toluene; white crystalline solid (pure compd); colourless crystalline solid (pure)		120	200.6	sl sol	@ 25 ºC/15.5 ºC	6.9	0.0002 Pa
METHACRYLIC ACID, 2-DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL 2867-47-2	liquid	62-65	-30	157.22	sol	@ 25 ºC/5 ºC	5.4			739 oc
NONANOIC ACID 112-05-0	colourless, oily liquid at ordinary temp; crystallizes when cooled; yellowish oil	255	12.5	158.23	insol	0.9057
OLEIC ACID 112-80-1	colourless or nearly colourless liquid (above 5-7 ºC); yellowish, oily liquid; water-white liquid	@ 100 mm Hg	16.3	282.45	insol	@ 25 ºC					363
OXALIC ACID 144-62-7	anhyd oxalic acid, crystallized from glacial acetic acid is orthorhombic, crystals being pyramidal or elongated octahedra; transparent, colourless crystals or white powder	157	189.5	90.04	sol	@ 17 ºC /4 ºC
PALMITIC ACID 57-10-3	white crystalline scales; needles from alcohol	@ 15 mm Hg	63-64	256.5	insol	@ 62 ºC/4 ºC		@ 154 ºC
PHTHALIC ACID 88-99-3	crystals; plates from water	decomp	210-211	166.13	sl sol	1.59	5.73			168 oc
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE 85-44-9	white, lustrous needles; colourless or pale yellow solid flakes; colourless needles; monoclinic or rhombic prisms; white needles from alcohol and benzene	295	130.8	148.11	sl sol	1.527	5.1	0.27 Pa	1.7 ll 10.4. ul		570
PIVALIC ACID 75-98-9	coloured crystals	164	35.5	102.13	sl sol	@ 50 ºC
PROPIONIC ANHYDRIDE 123-62-6	colourless liquid	167	-45	130.2	decomposes	1.01	4.5	100	1.3 ll 9.5 ul	63	285
PROPIONIC ACID 79-09-4	colourless liquid; oily liquid	141	-20.8	74.09	misc	0.9930	2.56	0.386	2.9 ll 14.8 ul	544	955
SALICYLIC ACID 69-72-7	white, fine, needle-like crystals, or fluffy, white crystalline powder; needles in water; monoclinic prisms in alcohol	211	158	138.12	sl sol	1.443	4.8	0.114	1.1 ll ? ul	157	540
STEARIC ACID 57-11-4	monoclinic leaf from alcohol; white or slightly yellow, crystal masses or powder	@ 15 mm Hg	69	284.50	insol	0.9408	9.80	@ 173.7 ºC		196	395
SUCCINIC ACID 110-15-6	white minute monoclinic prisms; triclinic or monoclinic prisms	235	188	118.09	sl sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC
SULPHANILIC ACID 121-57-3	rhombic plates or monoclinic crystals from water		288	173.2	sl sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC
TARTARIC ACID 87-69-4			169	150.08
TEREPHTHALIC ACID 100-21-0	needles; white crystals or powder	402		166.13	insol	1.51		< 0.001		260	496
p-tert BUTYLBENZOIC ACID 98-73-7	needles from dilute alcohol		164.5-165.5	178.2	insol
p-TOLUENESULPHONIC ACID 104-15-4	monoclinic leaflets or prisms; colourless crystals	140	106-107	172.2	v sol	1.24				184 cc
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID 76-03-9	crystals; colourless; white solid	197.55	58	163.40	v sol	@ 25 C/4 ºC		@ 51.0 ºC
2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID 93-76-5	white solid; light tan solid	decomp	153	255.5	insol	1.80		< 0.01 mPa
TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID 76-05-1	colourless, fuming liquid	73	-15.2	114.02	sol	@ 25 ºC
TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE 552-30-7	crystals; colourless solid	240-245	161-163.5	192.13	reacts		6.6	@ 25 ºC	1 ll 7 ul
VALERIC ACID 109-52-4	colourless liquid	186-187	-34.5	102.15	sol	0.939	3.5	0.020		96 oc	400

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:16

Alcohols: Chemical Identification

Chemical Formula	Chemical	Synonyms UN Code	CAS-Number
107186	ALLYL ALCOHOL	Allylic alcohol; 2-Propene-1-ol; Propenol; Propenyl alcohol UN1098	107-18-6
100516	BENZYL ALCOHOL	Benzenecarbinol; Benzenemethanol; Phenolcarbinol; Phenylmethanol	100-51-6
71363	BUTYL ALCOHOL	n-Butanol; 1-Butyl alcohol; Butyl hydroxide; 1-Hydroxybutane; Propylcarbinol; Propylmethanol	71-36-3
78922	sec-BUTYL ALCOHOL	2-Butanol; 2-Hydroxybutane; Methylethylcarbinol; 1-Methyl-1-propanol	78-92-2
75650	tert-BUTYL ALCOHOL	tert-Butanol; 1,1-Dimethylethanol; 2-Methyl-2-propanol; Trimethylcarbinol	75-65-0
108930	CYCLOHEXANOL	Cyclohexyl alcohol; Hexahydrophenol; Hexalin; Hydralin; Naxol	108-93-0
107073	2-CHLOROETHANOL	Ethylene chlorohydrin; d-Chloroethanol; b-Chloroethyl alcohol; 2-Chloroethyl alcohol UN1135	107-07-3
96231	1,3-DICHLORO-2-PROPANOL	Dichlorohydrin; a-Dichlorohydrin; 1,3-Dichloropropanol-2; sym-Glycerol dichlorohydrin UN2750	96-23-1
1185337	2,2-DIMETHYL-1-BUTANOL	2,2,-Dimethylbutanol	1185-33-7
108827	2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANOL	Diisobutyl carbinol; sec-Nonyl alcohol	108-82-7
	ETHANOL	Ethyl alcohol; Ethyl hydrate; Ethyl hydroxide; Spirt UN1170 UN1986 UN1987	64-17-54175
97950	2-ETHYLBUTYL ALCOHOL	2-Ethylbutanol; 2-Ethylbutanol-1; 2-Ethyl-1-butanol; 2-Ethylbutyl alcohol; sec-Hexyl alcohol; 3-Methylolpentane; sec-Pentylcarbinol; 3-Pentylcarbinol; Pseudohexyl alcohol; UN2275	97-95-0
104767	2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL	Ethylhexanol; 2-Ethylhexanol; 2-Ethylhexyl alcohol	104-76-7
111706	HEPTANOL	1-Heptanol; Heptyl-alcohol ; 1-Hydroxyheptane	111-70-6
543497	2-HEPTANOL	Amyl methyl carbinol; Heptanol-2; 2-Hydroxyheptane; Methyl amyl carbinol	543-49-7
111273	HEXANOL	1-Hexanol; Hexyl-alcohol; Amylcarbinol; 1-Hydroxyhexane; Pentylcarbinol	111-27-3
123513	ISOAMYL ALCOHOL	Isobutylcarbinol; Isopentanol; Isopentyl alcohol; 3-Methyl butanol; 3-Methyl-1-butanol	123-51-3
78831	ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL	Isobutanol; 1-hydroxymethylpropane; Isopropylcarbinol; 2-Methyl propanol UN1212	78-83-1
25339177	ISODECYL ALCOHOL	Isodecanol	25339-17-7
26952216	ISOOCTYL ALCOHOL	Isooctanol	26952-21-6
67630	ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL	Dimethylcarbinol; 2-Hydroxypropane; Isopropanol; n-Propan-2-ol UN1219	67-63-0
67561	METHANOL	Methyl alcohol; Methyl hydrate; Methyl hydroxide; Monohydroxymethane UN1230	67-56-1
137326	2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL	D,L-sec-Butyl carbinol; 2-Methyl-1-butanol	137-32-6
25639423	METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL	Hexahydrocresol; Hexahydromethylphenol; Methylcyclohexanol UN2617	25639-42-3
583595	o-METHYL CYCLOHEXANOL		583-59-5
591231	m-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL		591-23-1
108112	2-METHYL-4-PENTANOL	Isobutylmethylcarbinol; Isobutylmethylmethanol; MAOH; Methyl amyl alcohol UN2053	108-11-2
143088	NONANOL	n-Nonyl-alcohol; Octyl carbinol	143-08-8
	OCTANOL	Octyl alcohol; Heptyl carbinol; 1-Hydroxyoctane	111-87-511875
123966	2-OCTANOL	Capryl alcohol	123-96-6
143282	OLEYL ALCOHOL	Oleol; cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol ; Olive alcohol	143-28-2
71410	1-PENTANOL	Amyl alcohol; n-Butylcarbinol; Pentyl-alcohol	71-41-0
584021	3-PENTANOL		584-02-1
75854	tert-PENTYL ALCOHOL	tert-Amyl alcohol; Dimethylethylcarbinol; Ethyl dimethyl carbinol; 2-Methyl-2-Butanol; 3-Methylbutan-3-ol; tert-Pentanol	75-85-4
60128	PHENYLETHANOL	Benzyl carbinol; 2-Phenethyl alcohol; 2-Phenylethanol; Phenylethyl alcohol	60-12-8
71238	PROPANOL	Ethyl carbinol; 1-Hydroxypropane; Propyl-alcohol; Propylic alcohol UN1274	71-23-8
107197	PROPARGYL ALCOHOL	Ethynylcarbinol; Methanol, Ethyny-1; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol	107-19-7
97994	TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL	Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol ; Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol ; Tetrahydro-2-furylmethanol; THFA	97-99-4
112709	TRIDECANOL	Tridecyl alcohol	112-70-9

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:21

Alcohols: Health Hazards

Chemical name CAS-Number	ICSC Short-Term Exposure	ICSC Long-Term Exposure	Routes of Exposure and Symptoms	US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry	US NIOSH Symptoms
ALLYL ALCOHOL 107-18-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; muscles; liver; kidneys		Inhalation: headache, nausea, vomiting Skin: may be absorbed, aching, pain, blisters Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, temporary loss of vision, severe deep burns, sensitivity to light Ingestion: abdominal pain, unconsciousness	Eyes; skin; resp sysInh, abs, ing, con	Eye irrit, tissue damage; irrit upper resp sys, skin; pulm edema
BENZYL ALCOHOL 100-51-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness Ingestion: abdominal pain, diarrhoea, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting
BUTYL ALCOHOL 71-36-3				Skin; eyes; resp sys; CNSInh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat; head, verti, drow; corn inflamm, blurred vision, lac, photo; derm; possible auditory nerve damage, hearing loss; CNS depres
sec-BUTYL ALCOHOL 78-92-2				Eyes; skin, resp sys; CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, throat, nose; narco
tert-BUTYL ALCOHOL 75-65-0				Eyes; skin, resp sys, CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; head; skin flush, burns
2-CHLOROETHANOL 107-07-3	eyes; respiratory tract; CNS; cardiovascular system; kidneys; liver; may result in death		Inhalation: Mucous membranes, nausea Skin: Vomiting, vertigo, incoordination Ingestion: Numbness, visual distortion, headache	Resp sys; liver; kidneys; CNS; skin; CVS; eyesInh, abs, ing, con	Irrit muc memb; nau, vomit; verti, inco; numb; vis dist; head; thirst; delirium; low BP; collapse, shock, coma; liver, kidney damage
CYCLOHEXANOL 108-93-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin		Eyes; resp sys; skinInh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; skin; narco
ETHANOL 64-17-5	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin; CNS; liver; blood	Inhalation: cough, drowsiness, headache, fatigue Skin: dry skin Eyes: redness, irritant pain, irritant burning Ingestion: burning sensation, confusion, dizziness, headache, unconsciousness	Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNS; liver; blood; repro sysInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose; head, drow, ftg, narco; cough; liver damage; anemia; repro, terato effects
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL 104-76-7	eyes; skin		Inhalation: dizziness, headache, nausea, weakness Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: redness, pain
HEPTANOL 111-70-6	eyes; skin; resp tract	liver; kidneys; birth defects
HEXANOL 626-93-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin; CNS	Inhalation: cough, headache, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea
ISOAMYL ALCOHOL 123-51-3	eyes; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, sore throat Skin: dry skin Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, unconsciousness	Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; head, dizz; cough, dysp, nau, vomit, diarr; skin cracking; in animals: narco
sec-ISOAMYL ALCOHOL 528-75-4				Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; head, dizz; cough, dysp, nau, vomit, diarr; skin cracking; in animals: narco
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 78-83-1	eyes; resp tract; CNS	skin		Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, throat, head, drow; skin cracking; in animals: narco
ISODECYL ALCOHOL 25339-17-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: dizziness, dullness, headache, nausea Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting
ISOOCTYL ALCOHOL 26952-21-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: dizziness, dullness, headache, nausea Skin: may be absorbed, redness, skin burns Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting	Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNS; CVSInh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose throat; eye, skin burns
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 67-63-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, sore throat, vomiting Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, sore throat, vomiting	Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNSInh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat; drow, dizz, head; dry cracking skin; in animals: narco
METHANOL 67-56-1	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	CNS	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, headache, nausea Skin: may be absorbed, dry skin, redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, vomiting	Eyes; skin, resp sys; CNS; GI tractInh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; head, dizz, verti, li-head, nau, vomit; vis dist, optic nerve damage (blindness); derm
3-METHOXY 1-BUTANOL 2517-43-3	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: cough, headache, symptoms may be delayed Skin: dry skin, burning sensation Eyes: redness Ingestion: abdominal pain, dullness, nausea, vomiting
2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL 137-32-6	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, sore throat Skin: dry skin, redness Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision
METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 25639-42-3	eyes; upper resp tract	skin; CNS	Inhalation: cough, headache Skin: dry skin, redness Eyes: redness	Resp sys; skin; eyes; liver; kidneys; CNS Inh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; head; in animals: narco; liver, kidney damage
o-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 583-59-5	eyes; upper resp tract	skin; CNS	Inhalation: cough, headache Skin: dry skin, redness Eyes: redness
m-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 591-23-1		skin	Inhalation: cough, headache Skin: dry skin, redness Eyes: redness
2-METHYL-4-PENTANOL 108-11-2	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; CNS; liver; kidneys	skin; CNS; liver; kidneys	Inhalation: confusion, drowsiness, headache, nausea, sore throat, unconsciousness Skin: may be absorbed, redness, burning sensation Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain	Eyes; skin; CNS Inh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin; head, drow; derm; in animals: narco
1-PENTANOL 71-41-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, headache, nausea Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain, possible corneal damage Ingestion: cough, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting
3-PENTANOL 584-02-1	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, headache, nausea, sore throat, vomiting Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting
2-PHENYLETHANOL 60-12-8	eyes; resp tract	CNS	Inhalation: coughEyes: redness
PROPANOL 71-23-8	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, sore throat, vomiting Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, sore throat, vomiting	Skin; eyes; resp sys; GI tract; CNS Inh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat; dry cracking skin; drow, head; ataxia, GI pain; abdom cramps, nau, vomit, diarr; in animals: narco
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL 107-19-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; liver; kidneys; blood		Inhalation: burning sensation Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: pain, severe deep burns	Skin; resp sys; CNS; liver; kidneys Inh, abs, ing, con	irrit skin, muc memb; CNS depres; in animals: liver, kidney damage
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL 97-99-4			Inhalation: sore throat, cough, headache, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, unconsciousness Skin: redness, irritation, pain Eyes: redness, irritation, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain
3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-1-HEXANOL 3452-97-9	eyes; skin; resp tract	liver; kidneys	Inhalation: cough, headache, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, roughness, burning sensation Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: headache, nausea, vomiting

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:23

Alcohols: Physical & Chemical Hazards

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Physical	Chemical	N Class or Division / Subsidiary Risks
ALLYL ALCOHOL 107-18-6	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	On combustion, forms carbon monoxide • Upon heating, toxic fumes are formed • Reacts with carbon tetrachloride, nitric acid, chlorosulphonic acid causing fire and explosion hazard	6.1/ 3
BENZYL ALCOHOL 100-51-6		Reacts violently with strong oxidants and acids • Attacks many plastics • Can attack iron, aluminium upon heating • Slow oxidation in the presence of air
BUTYL ALCOHOL 71-36-3			3
sec-BUTYL ALCOHOL 78-92-2			3
tert-BUTYL ALCOHOL 75-65-0			3
2-CHLOROETHANOL 107-07-3			6.1/3
ETHANOL 64-17-5	The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed	On combustion, forms toxic gases • Reacts slowly with calcium hypochlorite, silver oxide and ammonia, causing fire and explosion hazard • Reacts violently with strong oxidants such as nitric acid, silver nitrate, mercuric nitrate or magnesium perchlorate, causing fire and explosion hazard	3
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL 104-76-7		Reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials
HEXANOL 111-27-3			3
ISOAMYL ALCOHOL 123-51-3	Vapour mixes readily with air	Reacts with strong oxidants
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 78-83-1			3
ISODECYL ALCOHOL 25339-17-7		The substance decomposes on heating producing acrid smoke and fumes • Reacts with strong oxidants
ISOOCTYL ALCOHOL 26952-21-6		The substance decomposes on heating producing acrid smoke and fumes • Reacts with strong oxidants (analogy with isodecyl alcohol)
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 67-63-0	The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed	Reacts with strong oxidants	3
METHANOL 67-56-1	The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed	Reacts violently with oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard	3/ 6.1
3-METHOXY-1-BUTANOL 2517-43-3		Reacts with oxidants
2-METHYL-4-PENTANOL 108-11-2	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	Reacts with oxidants • Reacts violently with alkali metals causing fire and explosion hazard	3
METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 25639-42-3		On combustion, forms toxic gases	3
o-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 583-59-5			3
m-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 591-23-1			3
1-PENTANOL 71-41-0	The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed	Reacts violently with oxidants	3
3-PENTANOL 584-02-1	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	Reacts with strong oxidants	3
2-PHENYLETHANOL 60-12-8		Reacts with strong oxidants, strong acids
PROPANOL 71-23-8	The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed	Reacts with strong oxidants (perchlorates, nitrates)	3
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL 107-19-7	The vapour is heavier than air	Reacts violently with oxidants • Attacks many plastics • On contact with heavy metals, poorly soluble salts may be formed, which may explode on heating
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL 97-99-4		The substance can presumably form explosive peroxides • The substance decomposes on heating producing acrid smoke and fume • Reacts violently with strong oxidants, several n-chloro- and n-bromoimides causing fire and explosion hazard • Attacks many resins and organic materials
3,5,5-TRIMETHYL 1-HEXANOL 3452-97-9	The vapour is heavier than air	May explode on heating • Reacts with strong oxidants, inorganic acids, aldehydes, alkenoxides, acid anhydrides • Reacts with rubber, PVC

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:27

Alcohols: Physical & Chemical Properties

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Colour/Form	Boiling Point (ºC)	Melting Point (ºC)	Molecular Weight	Solubility in Water	Relative Density (water=1)	Relative Vapour Density (air=1)	Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)	Inflam. Limits	Flash Point (ºC)	Auto Ignition Point (ºC)
ALLYL ALCOHOL 107-18-6	mobile liquid; colourless liquid	97	-129	58.08	misc	0.8540	2.00	2.5	2.5 ll 18.0 ul	21 cc	443
BENZYL ALCOHOL 100-51-6	water-white liquid	205	-15.2	108.13	sol	1.04535	3.72	@ 25 ºC	1.3 ll 13 ul	93 cc	436
BUTYL ALCOHOL 71-36-3	liquid	117.2	-89.5	74.12	sol	0.8098	2.6	5.5 mm Hg	1.4 ll 11.2 ul	37 cc
sec-BUTYL ALCOHOL 78-92-2	colourless liquid	99.5	-115	74.12	15.4 g/100 g	0.8063	2.6	@ 30 ºC	@ 100 ºC ul	24 cc	406
tert-BUTYL ALCOHOL 75-65-0	a colourless liquid, which forms rhombic crystals; rhombic prisms or plates	82.4	25.4	74.12	misc	0.7887	2.55	@ 25 ºC	@ 25 ºC ll
2-CHLOROETHANOL 107-07-3	colourless glycerine-like liquid	@ 760 mm Hg	-67.5 °C	80.52	sol	@ 20 °C/4 °C	2.78	@ 20 ºC	4.9% ll 15.9% ul	60 °C cc	425 °C
CYCLOHEXANOL 108-93-0	colourless needles or viscous liquid; hygroscopic crystals	161	25.1	100.2	sol	0.9624	3.5	@ 25 ºC
1,3-DICHLORO-2-PROPANOL 96-23-1	colourless slightly viscous liquid	174.3	-4	128.99	v sol	@ 17 ºC/4 ºC	4.4	7 mm Hg
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANOL 108-82-7	colourless liquid	176-177	<-65	144.3	insol	0.8114	4.97	0.21 mm Hg
2,2-DIMETHYL-1-BUTANOL 1185-33-7		136.5	<-15	102.17	sl sol	0.8283
2,4-DIMETHYL-3-PENTANOL 600-36-2		138.7	0	116.2	sl sol	0.8288
ETHANOL 64-17-5	clear, colourless, very mobile liquid	78.5	-114	46.07	misc	0.789	1.59	@ 19 ºC	3.3 ll 19 ul	13 cc	363
2-ETHYLBUTYL ALCOHOL 97-95-0	colourless liquid	@ 760 mm Hg	less than -15 °C	102.18	slightly sol	@ 20 °C/4 °C		@ 20 °C
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL 104-76-7	colourless liquid	184.6	-76	130.22	insol	0.8344	4.5	0.020	0.88 ll 9.7 ul	81 cc	231
HEPTANOL 111-70-6	colourless liquid	176	-34.6	116.2	sl sol	0.8219				71
HEXANOL 111-27-3	colourless liquid	157	-51.6	102.17	sl sol	0.8136	3.5	@ 24.4 ºC
2-HEXANOL 626-93-7	liquid	136	-23	102.18		0.81				41 cc
ISOAMYL ALCOHOL 123-51-3	oily, clear liquid	131.0	-117	88.1	@ 14 ºC	0.8092	3.04	0.32	@ 100 ºC ul	45	350
sec-ISOAMYL ALCOHOL 528-75-4	colourless liquid	113	-117			0.819				394
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 78-83-1	colourless liquid	107	-108	74.1	sl sol	0.8	2.56	1.2	1.7 ll 10.9 ul	27	441
ISODECYL ALCOHOL 25339-17-7	colourless liquid	220	7	158.32	insol	0.841	5.5	@ 70 ºC	0.8 ll ? ul	104 oc	285
ISOOCTYL ALCOHOL 26952-21-6	colourless liquid	83-91	<-76	130.3	@ 25 ºC	0.832	4.5	0.05	0.9 ll 5.7 ul	82 oc	277
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 67-63-0	liquid	83	-90	60.09	misc	0.79	2.1	4.4	2 ll 12 ul	117	455
METHANOL 67-56-1	colourless liquid	64.7	-98	32.04	misc	0.7914	1.11	12.3	6 ll 35.6 ul	12 cc	385
2-METHOXYPROPAN-1-OL 1589-47-5		130		90.12		0.938
3-METHOXY 1-BUTANOL 2517-43-3	liquid	160	-85	104.14	misc	0.92	3.59	0.12	1.9 ll ? ul	74	335
2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL 137-32-6	colourless liquid	128	<-70	88.17	sl sol	0.816	3.0	0.42	1.4 ll 9.0 ul	50 oc	385
METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 25639-42-3	colourless liquid; viscous liquid	155-180	-50	114.1	3-4%	@ 15 ºC/15	3.94	@ 30 ºC		68 cc	296
o-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 583-59-5	liquid	163-166	-9.5	114.2	insol	0.93	3.9			58 cc	296
m-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL 591-23-1	liquid	163		114.2		0.92				62 cc	295
2-METHYL-4-PENTANOL 108-11-2	colourless liquid	131.6	-60	102.2	sl sol	0.8075	3.5	2.8 mm Hg	1.0 ll 5.5 ul	41
NONANOL 143-08-8	colourless to yellowish liquid	215	-5	144.3	insol	0.8279
OCTANOL 111-87-5	colourless liquid	195	-16	130.22	insol	0.827	4.5	@ 25 ºC
2-OCTANOL 123-96-6	colourless			130.22	@ 25 ºC		4.5	@ 25 ºC
OLEYL ALCOHOL 143-28-2	oily liquid, usually pale yellow; clear, viscous liquid	333	13-19	268.5	insol	0.8489		@ 25 ºC
1-PENTANOL 71-41-0	colourless liquid	137.5	-79	88.15	insol	0.814	3.0	0.13	@ 100 ºC ul	33 cc	300
3-PENTANOL 584-02-1	colourless liquid	116	-8		4.1 g/100 ml	0.82	3.04	930 Pa	1.2 ll 8.0 ul	40 cc	360
tert-PENTYL ALCOHOL 75-85-4	colourless liquid	102	-8.8	88.1	sol	@ 25 ºC/4 ºC				67 cc	819
1-PHENYLETHANOL 98-84-1				122.17
2-PHENYLETHANOL 60-12-8	colourless, viscous liquid	218.2	-27	122.16	sl sol	1.0202	4.21	@ 58 ºC		102
PROPANOL 71-23-8	clear, colourless liquid	97.2	-127	60.09	misc	0.8053	2.1	@ 25 ºC	2.29 ll 13.7 ul	23 cc	412
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL 107-19-7	light to straw coloured liquid; colourless liquid	114-115	-51.8	56.1	sol	0.9715	1.93	1.54	3.4 ll 70 ul	33 oc
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL 97-99-4	colourless liquid	178	<-80	102.1	misc	1.054	3.5 g/l	0.306	1.5 ll 9.7 ul	75 oc	282
TRIDECANOL 112-70-9	crystals	@ 14 mm Hg	32.5	200.4	insol	@ 31 ºC/4 ºC				121 oc
3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-1-HEXANOL 3452-97-9	liquid	194	-70	144.25	0.05 g/100 ml	0.824	5.0	0.030		76

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

More...

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:38

Aldehydes & Ketals: Chemical Identification

Chemical Formula	Chemical	Synonyms UN Code	CAS-Number
105577	ACETAL	1,1-Diethoxyethane; Diethyl acetal; Ethylidene diethyl ether UN1088	105-57-7
75070	ACETALDEHYDE	Acetic aldehyde; Acetylaldehyde; Ethanal; Ethyl aldehyde UN1089	75-07-0
107028	ACROLEIN	Allyl aldehyde; Ethylene aldehyde; Propenal; 2-Propenal UN1062	107-02-8
100527	BENZALDEHYDE	Benzene carbaldehyde; Benzenecarbonal; Benzoic aldehyde; Phenylmethanal	100-52-7
123728	BUTYLALDEHYDE	Butanal; Butyral; n-Butyraldehyde; Butyric aldehyde UN1129	123-72-8
107200	CHLOROACETALDEHYDE	2-Chloroacetaldehyde; 2-Chloroethanal UN2232	107-20-0
89985	o-CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE	2-Chlorobenzaldehyde; o-Chlorobenzenecarboxaldehyde	89-98-5
14371109	CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE	Cinnamal; Phenylacrolein; 3-Phenylacrylaldehyde; 3-Phenyl-2-propenal	14371-10-9
4170303	CROTONALDEHYDE	2-Butenal; Crotonic aldehyde; b-methylacrolein UN1143	4170-30-3
111911	DICHLOROETHYL FORMAL	Bis(2-chloroethoxy)-methane; Bis(b-chloroethyl)formal; Bis(2-chloroethyl)formal; Dichloroethyl formal; Di-2-chloroethyl formal; Ethane, 1,1'-(Methylenebis(oxy))bis(2-chloro-; formaldehyde bis–(b-chloroethyl) acetal	111-91-1
100798	2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-4-METHANOL	2,2-Dimethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; 2,2-Dimethyl-4-oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane; Glycerolacetone; 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane; Isopropylidene glycerol	100-79-8
534156	DIMETHYLACETAL	1,1-Dimethoxyethane; Dimethyl aldehyde; Ethylidene dimethyl ether; Methyl formyl UN2377	534-15-6
123911	p-DIOXANE	1,4-Diethylene dioxide; Diethylene dioxide; Diethylene ether; Dioxane; 1,4-Dioxane UN1165	123-91-1
123057	2-ETHYLHEXANAL	Butyl ethyl acetaldehyde; Ethylbutylacetaldehyde; Ethylhexaldehyde; 2-Ethylhexaldehyde	123-05-7
50000	FORMALDEHYDE	Methanal; Methyl aldehyde; Methylene glycol; Methylene oxide UN1198 UN2206	50-00-0
111308	GLUTARALDEHYDE	Glutaral; Glutardialdehyde; Glutaric dialdehyde; 1,5-Pentanedial; 1,5-Pentanedione	111-30-8
765344	GLYCIDALDEHYDE	2,3-Epoxypropanal; 2,3-Epoxypropionaldehyde; Glycidal; Propionaldehyde UN2622	765-34-4
107891	3-HYDROXYBUTYRALDEHYDE	Acetaldol; Aldol; 3-Butanolal; Oxybutanal UN2839	107-89-1
78842	ISOBUTYLALDEHYDE	Isobutanal; Isobutyral; Isopropyl formaldehyde; Methyl propanal UN2045	78-84-2
108623	METALDEHYDE	Metacetaldehyde; 2,4,6,8-Tetramethyl-1,3,5,7-tetroxocane UN1332	108-62-3
109875	METHYLAL	Dimethoxymethane; Dimethyl formal; Formaldehyde dimethylacetal; Methylal; Methylene dimethyl ether UN1234	109-87-5
4394858	4-MORPHOLINECARBOXALDEHYDE	N-Formylmorpholine; 4-Formylmorpholine	4394-85-8
30525894	PARAFORMALDEHYDE	Paraform; Triformol; Trioxymethylene UN2213	30525-89-4
123637	PARALDEHYDE	Paracetaldehyde; Paral; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane UN1264	123-63-7
123386	PROPIONALDEHYDE	Methylacetaldehyde; Propaldehyde; Propanal; Propionic aldehyde; Propyl aldehyde UN1275	123-38-6
94597	SAFROLE	5-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxole; Allyldioxybenzene methylene ether; 1-Allyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene; 4-Allyl-1,2-methylenedioxybenzene	94-59-7
5435643	3,5,5-TRIMETHYLHEXANAL	tert-Butylisopentanal; Isononylaldehyde	5435-64-3
110883	TRIOXANE	Triformol; sym-Trioxane; 1,3,5-Trioxane; Trioxymethylene	110-88-3
110623	VALERALDEHYDE	Amyl aldehyde; Butyl formal; Pentanal; Valeric aldehyde; Valeral UN2058	110-62-3

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:40

Aldehydes & Ketals: Health Hazards

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Short-Term Exposure	Long-Term Exposure	Routes of Exposure and Symptoms	US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry	US NIOSH Symptoms
ACETALDEHYDE 75-07-0	eyes; skin; GI tract; resp tract; lungs; CNS	skin; lungs; CNS; liver	Inhalation: cough, drowsiness, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, symptoms may be delayed Skin: redness, burning sensation, pain Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision Ingestion: burning sensation, diarrhoea, dizziness, nausea, vomiting	Eyes; skin; resp sys; kidneys; CNS; repro sys (in animals: nasal cancer) Inh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat; eye, skin burns; derm; conj; cough; CNS depres; delayed pulm edema; in animals: kidney, repro, terato effects; (carc)
ACROLEIN 107-02-8	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: corrosive, burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, shortness of breath, sore throat, symptoms may be delayed Skin: corrosive, redness, serious skin burns, pain, blisters Eyes: corrosive, redness, pain, severe deep burns Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation, collapse	Heart; eyes; skin; resp sys Inh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; decr pulm func; delayed pulm edema; chronic resp disease
BENZALDEHYDE 100-52-7	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: respiratory paralysis, shortness of breath, burning sensation of eye and nose mucosa, cough, dizziness Skin: may be adsorbed, redness, loss of sensation contact dermatitis Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: burning sensation, sensation, confusion,dizziness, drowsiness, headache, shortness of breath, unconsciousness, vomiting, convulsions
BUTYLALDEHYDE 123-72-8	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs		Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: burning sensation
CHLORAL HYDRATE 302-17-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS; kidneys; liver; CVS		Inhalation: Confusion, drowsiness, nausea, unconsciousness. Skin: Redness Eyes: Redness Ingestion: Abdominal pain, vomiting
o-CHOROBENZALDEHYDE 89-98-5	eyes; skin; liver; kidneys	skin	Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, sore throat Skin: may be absorbed, redness, burning sensation, pain Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal cramps, burning sensation
2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE- 4-METHANOL 100-79-8	eyes; CNS		Inhalation: cough, sore throat Eyes: redness Ingestion: weakness
p-DIOXANE 123-91-1	eyes; resp tract; CNS; liver; kidneys	skin	Inhalation: headache, nausea, cough, sore throat, abdominal pain, dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting, unconsciousness Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: redness, irritant, pain	Liver; kidneys; skin; eyes; resp sys (in animals: lung, liver & nasal cavity tumors)Inh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; drow, head, nau, vomit; liver damage; kidney failure; (carc)
ETHYL HEXALDEHYDE 123-05-7	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, vomiting Skin: may be absorbed, redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
FORMALDEHYDE 50-00-0	eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs	skin	Inhalation: burning sensation inthe nose and throat, cough, headache, laboured breathing, nausea, shortness of breath Skin: redness Eyes: effects will be delayed, redness, pain, blurred vision, severe deep burns	Resp sys; eyes; skin [nasal cancer] Inh, con	Irrit eyes, nose, throat, resp sys; lac; cough; bron spasm; (carc)
GLUTARALDEHYDE 111-30-8	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin; resp tract		Eyes; skin; resp sys Inh, abs, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; derm, sens skin; cough, asthma; nau, vomit
METHYLAL 109-87-5	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, sore throat, unconsciousness Skin: may be absorbed, dry skin, defats the skin, redness, pain Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting	Eyes; skin; resp sys; CNS Inh, ing, con	Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; anes
PARAFORMALDEHYDE 30525-89-4	eyes; skin; resp tract	skin	Inhalation: cough, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness
PROPANAL 123-38-6			Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, laboured breathing, sore throat Skin: redness Eyes: redness, pain Ingestion: burning sensation	Eyes; skin; resp sys; lungs

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:41

Aldehydes & Ketals: Physical & Chemical Hazards

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Physical	Chemical	UN Class/Div / Subsidiary RisksChemical
ACETAL 105-57-7			3
ACETALDEHYDE 75-07-0	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	The substance can form explosive peroxides in contact with air • The substance may polymerize under the influence of acids, alkaline materials, such as sodium hydroxide, in the presence of trace metals (iron) with fire or explosion hazard • The substance is a strong reducing agent and reacts violently with oxidants • Reacts violently with various organic substances, halogens, sulfuric acid and amines, causing fire and explosion hazard	3
ACROLEIN 107-02-8	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	The substance can form explosive peroxides • The substance may polymerize with fire and explosion hazard • Upon heating, toxic fumes are formed • Reacts with alkalis, acids, amines, sulfur dioxide, thiourea, metal salts and oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard	6.1/ 3
BUTYLALDEHYDE 123-72-8	The vapour is heavier than air, and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	The substance may polymerize due to heating, under the influence of acids or alkalis • On combustion, forms toxic gases • Reacts with oxidants • Reacts violently with strong acids and bases	3
CHLORAL 75-87-6			6.1
CHLOROACETALDEHYDE 107-20-0	The vapour is heavier than air	Upon heating, toxic fumes are formed • Reacts with water to form a hydrate with the evolution of some heat • Reacts with oxidants and acids, causing explosion hazard • The anhydrous substance can polymerize on standing	6.1
o-CHOROBENZALDEHYDE 89-98-5		The substance decomposes on heating, producing toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride • Acts with iron, strong bases, strong oxidants, strong reducing agents and moisture
CROTONALDEHYDE 4170-30-3			6.1/ 3
2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-4-METHANOL 100-79-8		Reacts with oxidants
p-DIOXANE 123-91-1	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible • As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated	The substance can form explosive peroxides • Reacts vigorously with strong oxidants and concentrated strong acids • Reacts explosively with some catalysts (eg, Raney-nickel above 210 °C) • Attacks many plastics	3
2-ETHYL HEXALDEHYDE 123-05-7	The vapour is heavier than air	The substance can form explosive peroxides on long-lasting contact with oxygen or air • The substance polymerize on contact with sodium hydroxide, ammonia, butyl- and dibutylamine, inorganic acids • Reacts with oxidants	3
FORMALDEHYDE 50-00-0			3/ 8
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 765-34-4			3/ 6.1
GLUTARALDEHYDE 111-30-8		Produces acrid smoke and fumes (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide)
3-HYDROXYBUTYRALDEHYDE 107-89-1			6.1
ISOBUTYRALDEHYDE 78-84-2			3
METHYLAL 109-87-5	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	The substance can presumably form explosive peroxides • May explode on heating and on burning producing carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxideReacts vigorously with strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard	3
PARAFORMALDEHYDE 30525-89-4	Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air	The substance decomposes on heating producing formaldehyde • Reacts with oxidants • Reacts with strong acids and strong bases producing formaldehyde	4.1
PARALDEHYDE 123-63-7			3
PHENYL CHLOROFORMATE 1885-14-9			6.1/ 8
PROPANAL 123-38-6	The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible	The substance may polymerize due to heating and under the influence of acids and caustics • On combustion, forms toxic gases (carbon oxides) and combustible gas • Reacts violently with oxidants, acids and bases	3
VALERALDEHYDE 110-62-3

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Saturday, 06 August 2011 02:44

Aldehydes & Ketals: Physical & Chemical Properties

Chemical Name CAS-Number	Colour/Form	Boiling Point (ºC)	Melting Point (ºC)	Molecular Weight	Solubility in Water	Relative Density (water=1)	Relative Vapour Density (air=1)	Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)	Inflam. Limits	Flash Point (ºC)	Auto Ignition Point (ºC)
ACETAL 105-57-7	colourless liquid	102.2	-100	118.17	sol	0.83	4.08	20 mm Hg	1.6 ll 10.4 ul	-21 cc	230
ACETALDEHYDE 75-07-0	colourless liquid; colourless gas	21	-123	44.05	misc	@ 16 ºC/4 ºC	1.52	99	4 ll 57 ul	-39	185
ACROLEIN 107-02-8	colourless or yellowish liquid	53	-88	56.06	v sol	0.84	1.94	29	2.8 ll 31 ul	-26 cc	234
BENZALDEHYDE 100-52-7	colourless liquid	179	-26	106.12	sl sol	@ 15 ºC/4 ºC	3.66	@ 26 ºC		63 cc	179
BUTYLALDEHYDE 123-72-8	colourless liquid; water-white liquid	74.8	-99	72.10	sol	0.8	2.5	12.2	1.9 ll 12.5 ul	-667 cc	230
CHLOROACETALDEHYDE 107-20-0	clear, colourless liquid	85.5	-16.3	78.50	misc	1.19	2.7	13.3		877 cc	88
CHLORAL 75-87-6	oily liq	@ 760 mm Hg	-57.5	147.40	sol	@ 20 ° C/4 ° C	5.1	@ 20 ° C
CHLORAL HYDRATE 302-17-0	transparent, colorless crystals; large monoclinic plates; colorless or white crystals	@ 764 mm Hg (decomp)	57 ° C	165.42	14.3 g/ml water at 40 ° C	@ 20 ° C/4 ° C
o-CHOROBENZALDEHYDE 89-98-5	colourless to yellowish liquid	211.9	12.4	140.6	sl sol	1.2483		0.04		90 cc	385
CINNAMMICALDEHYDE 104-55-2	yellowish oily liquid; greenish-yellow liquid	253	-7.5	132.15	700 ml	@ 25 ºC/ 25 ºC	4.6	@ 76 ºC		120
CROTONALDEHYDE 4170-30-3	water-white to straw-coloured liquid	104.0	-76.5	70.09	18.1 g/100 g	0.853	2.41	19 mm Hg	2.1 ll 15.5 ul	13 oc	232.2
DICHLOROETHYL FORMAL 111-91-1	colorless liquid	218.1	-32.8	173.05	@ 25 ° C	@ 20 ° C/20 ° C	6.0	@ 20 ° C		110 ° C
2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE-4-METHANOL 100-79-8	colourless liquid	188-189	-26.4	132.2	misc	1.064	4.6			80 cc
DIMETHYLACETAL 534-15-6	colourless liquid; mobile liquid	64.5	-113	90.1	sol	0.85015	3.1	61 mm Hg
p-DIOXANE 123-91-1	colourless liquid	101.0	11.8	88.10	misc	1.0337	3.03	4.1	2.0 ll 22 ul	12	180
ETHYLHEXALDEHYDE 123-05-7	colourless liquid	163	-76	128.22	insol	0.8540	4.4	0.2	@ 93 ºC, ll	50-52	190-210
FORMALDEHYDE 50-00-0	clear, water-white, very slightly acid, gas or liquid.; formaldehyde solution is a clear, colourless or nearly colourless liquid .	-19.5	-92	30.03	sol	0.8	1.08		7.0 ll 73 ul	flammable gas	300
GLUTARALDEHYDE 111-30-8	colourless liquid	187-189	-14	100.13	sol	0.72	3.4	17 mm Hg
GLYCIDALDEHYDE 765-34-4	colourless liquid	112-113	-62	72.1	misc	1.1403	2.58	@t 25 ºC
3-HYDROXYBUTYRALDEHYDE 107-89-1	clear, white to yellow syrupy liquid; colourless thick liquid	83		88.10	misc	1.103	3.00	21 mm Hg
ISOBUTYLALDEHYDE 78-84-2	transparent, colourless liquid	64.5	-65.9	72.10	sol	0.7938	2.48	@ 25 ºC	1.6 ll 10.6 ul		196
METALDEHYDE 108-62-3		110	47	176.21
METHYLAL 109-87-5	colourless, clear liquid	42	-105	76.09	sol	0.8593	2.6	44	1.6 ll 17.6 ul	-18 oc	237
4-MORPHOLINECARBOXYALDEHYDE 4394-85-8		236.5		115.13
PARAFORMALDEHYDE 30525-89-4	white crystalline powder; white, amorphous powder		155-170	variable polymer	sl sol	@ 15 ºC (solid)		@ 25 ºC	7.0 ll 73.0 ul	71 cc	300
PARALDEHYDE 123-63-7	colourless, transparent liquid	124	12.6	132.16	sl sol	0.9943	4.5	25.3 mm Hg	1.3 ll ? ul
PROPANAL 123-38-6	colourless liquid	49	-81	58.08	sol	@ 25 ºC	2.0	31.3	2.6 ll 16.1 ul	-30	207
SAFROLE 94-59-7	colourless or pale yellow oil; monoclinic crystals	234.5	11.2	162.18	insol	1.1		@ 63.8 ºC		97
TRIOXANE 110-88-3	crystalline solid; rhombic needles from ether; white	114.5	64	90.08	v sol	@ 65 ºC				45
VALERALDEHYDE 110-62-3	colourless liquid	103	-91.5	86.13	sl sol	0.8095	3.0	@ 25 ºC

Back

Published in 104. Guide to Chemicals

Start
Prev
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Next
End

Page 4 of 15

" DISCLAIMER: The ILO does not take responsibility for content presented on this web portal that is presented in any language other than English, which is the language used for the initial production and peer-review of original content. Certain statistics have not been updated since the production of the 4th edition of the Encyclopaedia (1998)."

Table of Contents

Ethers Tables:

Halogen and Ethers Tables:

Halogenated Saturated Hydrocarbons Tables:

Halogenated Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Tables:

More...

Contents